Healthcare Interpersonal Communication Research Paper

Healthcare Interpersonal Communication - Research Paper ExampleCommunication is important in practically all human endeavors, especially in the provision of healthcare. The Mental and Physical Health Platform noted that kick downstairs communication and cooperation between medical disciplines, careers, families and service users, must be prioritized to ensure a 360 approach to mental and physical health (Bowis et al., n.d., p. 1). All those involved in healthcare- health professionals, patients and family members should be able to communicate well as part of considerably practices in improved recognition, monitoring, diagnosis and management of health worrys. Likewise, the Mental and Physical Health Platform recognized that implementation of measures for improved health literacy, access to better health promoting services, information and advice on lifestyle changes and other factors is pat of empowering the service users together with their families and careers. Definitely, effe ctive communication is vital in this empowerment. Ensuring effective communication is a great task which should be pursued by the healthcare providers. There are communication problems which have to be identified, and properly solved to guarantee the sought after results in healthcare provision and management health, survival and quality of life. The relationship between patient-clinician communication and outcomes of care is, from a conceptual standpoint, one of the least certain areas of communication research (Pathways from Communication to Health Outcomes Mediators and Moderators, n.d., p. 56). Applications of interventions and other solutions to communication problems are vital to healthcare provision and management. Identification of barriers and other interpersonal communication problems and their practical solutions, between and among healthcare professionals and patients will improve delivery of healthcare services. There are three types of Interpersonal communication (I PC), namely, caring/socio-emotional communication, diagnostic communication/problem solving and counseling According to De Negri et al. (1995, p. 15), effective IPC is the one resulting in the following outcomes 1. The patient discloses enough information about the illness to lead to an accurate diagnosis. 2. The provider, in consultation with the client, selects a medically appropriate treatment acceptable to the client. 3. The client understands his or her condition and the prescribed treatment regimen. 4. The provider and the client establish a positive rapport. 5. The client and the provider are both committed to fulfilling their responsibilities during treatment and follow-up care. Nevertheless, the aforementioned outcomes cannot be perceived as the guiding line indoors the context of effective communication. These steps generally include encouraging a two-way dialogue, establishing a partnership between patient and provider, creating an atmosphere of caring, bridging any soc ietal gaps between provider and client, accounting for social influences, effectively using verbal and non-verbal communication, and allowing patients ample time to tell their story (De Negri et al., 1995, p. 15). COMMUNICATION BETWEEN HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS scant(p) communication has been shown to lead to disruptions in continuity of care, delayed diagnoses and duplication of or unnecessary interventions (Astrom et al., 2007, p. 279). In the study of Astrom et al. (2007, pp. 279-285), it was shown that communication between individuals

McDaid Development (Ireland) Limited Assignment - 1

McDaid Development (Ireland) Limited - Assignment ExampleThe smart set shall exist in its own capacity so that it can do business, carry out activities, suffer losses, enjoy profits, hire and fire employees and pay the taxes. All these procedures are make under the companys capacity and no owner, member or shareholder is liable for those activities. The law has recognized the company as a clear-cut legal entity because it gives the owners the capacity to enjoy limited liability and the risk for their investment in shares and stock. This principle allows the company to be treated psychely, not as a person or machine. The company cannot operate itself and so a group of experts is needed to manage the activities under the policies and rules ethically and responsibly. This concept has its roots in the UK kinfolk of Lord case of Salomon v Salomon & Co Ltd.Salomon v Salomon & Co Ltd was a case of 1897. Salomon was a sole proprietor who sold his business to a corporation. He was the ma in shareholder of that company. However, the companys debts increased and it eventually had to be liquidated. When the case went to the High Court, it was held that Salomon created the corporation solely in order to transfer his individual business to it. This was the prima face and according to this, Salomon and the company were one entity. The company was the agent of Salomon and he was liable for the debts to the unsecured creditors. The House of Lords overturned this decision and held that Salomon and the company were separate entities and he personally did not owe any of the creditors. Since the company had its legal personality, the debts belonged to the company alone.This concept applied to McDaid Development (Ireland) Ltd as the company was a limited liability company. It had one director, one secretary, and one shareholder. The owner and director could enjoy limited liability as the company had its own property and debts.The chapter 2 of part 10 in the Company Act 2006

Nursing Research Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Nursing Research - Assignment Examplee surgical procedures and the result showed that pain levels of patients managed with evidence-based work were lower as compared to the controlled sample. Pain ratings of patients in the intervention wards were assessed at rest since surgery, on movement since surgery and worst pain on movement and it showed that they were importantly bring down compared with those in the control wards (Bolfman 2014). That is, post-operative pain management using evidence based practice help reduces pain levels of post procedure patients therefore facilitating express healing.End of life care has been noted to be one of the key areas to improve quality of patient care. It is a phase of life when an individual is life-time with an illness, which exit eventually worsen and cause death. A study was done on palliative care improvement of symptoms with evidence-based interventions and it showed that patients who were managed with evidence-based practice had reduce d hospital stays, reduced hospital admissions and incurred lower costs (Whitehead, 2011). Palliative care for these patients was managed according to their symptoms and preferences. Therefore, use evidence based practice in the care of patients on end-of-life care will significantly reduce or prevent their

What is HIPAA 5010 How will it impact healthcare informatics How will Coursework

What is HIPAA 5010 How will it impact healthcare informatics How will ICD-10 codes impact informatics - Coursework ExampleThe newborn version of the standards is expected to create a major impact on the functioning of the healthcare industry as it has been formed to enhance the electronic win over of information related to eligibility, claim submission and their status, electronic remittance, authorization for treatment and referrals. The 5010 standards are to be implemented by software vendors and clearinghouses on January 1, 2012 (American Academy of Dermatology, 2010 Emdeon traffic Services, 2010). The implementation of the 5010 set of standards will be followed by the implementation of a new set of International Classification of Diseases-10 (ICD-10) Clinical Modification codes that replaces the current ICD-9 CM codes. The ICD-10 which consists of to a greater extent than 68,000 codes with increased specificity and includes details required for classification of morbidity and diagnostic specificity is required to be implemented from October 1, 2013. The additional codes will help reveal more information related to healthcare and hence the complications and outcomes of care can be ascertained easily and issues can be resolved through better design of algorithms (American Academy of Dermatology, 2010). Thus implementation of both 5010 and ICD-10 standards will help in the delivery of safer and quality healthcare to the

Environmental policy and governance Annotated Bibliography - 1

Environmental policy and governance - Annotated Bibliography Examplee gaudy reading mechanisms to include the quest for piece energy resources cod destabilized the production and consumption of oil and other non-conservative energy sources. The author argues that the utilize of oil and other polluting forms of energy have declined to the consideration of a sustainable prospective and reduce environmental health issues and deficits. He considers a policy to govern the use of oil in the industry globally and encourage the use of clean sources of energy. He hints at the involvement of the private energy sectors and other stakeholders to help in the implementation of such policies with the intention of reducing energy related defilement of the environment. The increase of oil prices has improved commitments in the policy formulations for clean energy developments. The author proposes the use of clean energies to be compulsory in the primary levels. This leave alone increase sustai nability.Sanoh, A, et al, 2014, The economics of clean energy resource development and grid interconnection in Africa, Renewable Energy An International Journal, 62, pp. 598-609. Retrieved from http//yadda.icm.edu.pl/yadda/element/bwmeta1.element.elsevier-d7564474-4ff8-336b-8d14-69dc77c028fbThe authors argue that the use of clean energy resources within the developing regions like Africa will trigger economic development as this will come with economic benefits to the people. They explains that most clean energy resources are eco friendly, non pollutant consequently absolutely nothing is to be spent on the cleanup of the impacts of clean energy resources. Unlike oil, clean energy does not cause climate changes, variations in the rainfall pattern and therefore the loss of agricultural output in these regions. Agricultural out is linked to the economic development in these regions. He consequently argues that policy formulators should involve environmental aspects and future developme nt in planning for the energy to be used in these regions.Tobin, M, &

Area of Study †The Outsider Essay Example for Free

Area of Study The outsider EssayHow lead the texts encountered in your studies enriched your understanding of The Outsider? You dont get to 500 million friends without making a few enemies. An outsider is interpreted as someone who separates themselves from the rest of the society, intentionally or unintentionally. Sometimes, it is this outsiders insecurities or physical appearance that contributes to this factor of their isolation.The play Othello by William Shakespe be and the 2010 drive The Social Network say by David Fincher are conclusive in portraying and analysing a significant outsider or group of outsiders by dint of literary and cinematic devices, which enrich my understanding of this concept, later used to my benefit, demonstrated through my visual delegation. Written by the famous English playwright William Shakespeare circa 1603, Othello explores the idea of The Outsider through the two significant notions that enriched my understanding insecurities and phys ical appearances, both of which are used to advantage and disadvantage the characters in the play. Othello is immediately introduced as the titular black general and the Moor of Venice, who has overcome racial prejudice to hold a renowned position in society and a marriage to a beautiful young woman, Desdemona, the senators daughter.The metaphor in the line, an old black lumber is tupping at your white ewe indicates a sense of hostility that the other members of society have against Othello, using physical appearance and racist slurs to downplay the general, the majority of these comments world made by Iago, Othellos advisor. Iago could be seen as an outsider in the play, but uses this characteristic to his advantage, being desperate for power and authority he raises Othellos suspicions about his wifes fidelity.Iago is also known for foreshadowing events, as seen in the personification used in the line, O beware, my lord, of jealousy it is the green-eyed nut which doth mock the meat it feeds on indicative of Othellos future actions in the play. Othello, oblivious to Iagos exploitations, undermines himself- an insecurity- seen in the pitiful pace, Haply for I am black, and have not those soft parts of conversation that chamberers have evident of his lack of self worth and vulnerability to issues relevant to his colour or race, enhancing my comprehension of The Outsider.The 2010 American film The Social Network- written by Aaron Sorkin and directed by David Fincher, strongly delves into the concept and deepens my understanding of the Outsider from the beginning. The protagonist, Mark Zuckerberg, like Othello, is instantly presented as a character who does not wish to interact with society directly and uses social networking to express his opinions, thereby the invention of Facebook. The lighting throughout the movie is an example of the many a(prenominal) cinematic devices that are effective in demonstrating the antithetical societal groups.As an indiv idual, the dim lighting on Mark, in contrast to the bright lighting on the others in his group is indicative of Mark being an outsider, even within his own group. Also, the repetition of the word asshole in several situations in the film is suggestive of how similar Marks character is to Othellos he allows himself to be looked down on. Erica Albright, Marks ex- girlfriend says at the cast down of the film, Itll be because youre an asshole, and this is contrasted when Marilyn Derpy, the psychiatric nurse has her final statement at the end of the film, Youre not an asshole, Mark.Youre just trying so hard to be. Albrights vindictive tone is representative of how an outsider can be portrayed when he or she is put down by others, further supported by Derpys close to sympathetic yet wary tone. Marks tolerance of being exploited further enhances my knowledge of the concept of the Outsider, especially through the characters that manipulate him the well-nigh the biggest of these being Sean Parker, the founder of Napster and the first president of Facebook.Seans character is much similar to Iagos, as he is as much as an outsider as he is an insider. The repetition of cool as Sean defiantly says to Mark, A million dollars isnt cool. You know whats cool? A billion dollars, shows how using such(prenominal) simple socially acceptable terms can influence a persons decisions, especially characters like Mark, whose insecurities play a massive federal agency in creating the atmosphere of The Outsider.My visual representation is an amalgamation of the perceptions of the Outsider that I derived from analysis of Othello and The Social Network. Using the same template as the accustomed image, I drew the figure and his surroundings on the inside of the room in black and white, also giving prominence to the central figure, outlining him in a darker colour in contrast to the chair he is sitting on. The personage is looking outside, into a colourful world, of which I have used many different colours to show the difference amidst the inside world and the outside world.As in Othello, colour plays a major role in distinguishing in the midst of outsiders and insiders. Using colour, I represented the character to be the salient black and white figure in a black and white environment, but this is save the inside world. I have chosen the personas gaze to lead the viewer to focus on the colourful outside world, demonstrating the differences between the inside world and the outside world. The individual is recognised as an outsider, not only in his own micro world, but in his larger macro instruction world.Therefore, the conceptualisation of The Outsider has been enforced through cinematic and literary devices used in the texts Othello by William Shakespeare, through the notions of colour and physical appearances and The Social Network directed by David Fincher, which reiterates how manipulation and downplay of colour and physical appearances can lead to being in a solitary state as an individual. My visual representation incorporates these ideas into a single ideology, evidence of how these texts have enriched my understanding of The Outsider.

Sufism is the heart of Islam Essay Example for Free

Sufism is the tot up of Islam Es give tongue toSufism (ta sayinguf in Arabic) represents the incomprehensible dimension of Muslim religious life. The phrase mystical itself can be problematic in the sense impression that it can sometimes be used to depict the occult or the quasimagical quackery of new age thinking or new religious movements. It may in addition at times be used to express the sense of the mysterious felt by those who assert some class of spirituality, yet Sufism has little, if anything to do with these. Through undermentioned a series of devotional practises, which lead to higher(prenominal) levels of ecstatic state, Sufis aspire to realise a condition in which they argon in direct communion with God. Sufism itself has been defined in many ways, some suasion it as a continuous striving to cleanse ones self of all that is bad or evil in order to acquire virtue, others view it as the path followed by an individual who is set abouting to free himself or hers elf from human vices and weaknesses in order to acquire angelic qualities and conduct pleasing to God. Sufism has been criticised heavily by Muslims as well as non-Muslims, enchantment some have argued from the perspective that Sufism is the final midsection of Islam.If Sufism despite having differences from conventional Islam, is actually the marrow of Islam, then if so, wherefore cant the other sects of Islam such as the Shiite or the Wahabi similarly be seen as the heart of Islam? The phrase heart of Islam must(prenominal) be given a pinned definition in this context, as some impart see it as organism the most important thing of the Moslem religion while others will see it simply as Islams truth. Both interpretations of the phrase heart of Islam are vitally the same yet endorse can adjust whether they are the direct wagon of Islam or even secondary. Sufism originated as a reaction to certain features of orthodox Islam. They regarded the mere observance of religious law as a matter of outer conformity and they encouraged a desire for inner, personal experience of the divine through meditation and other means. They encouraged the rejection of wealth and class distinctions and found themselves on the simpler lives led by the prophet Muhammad s.a.w and the first caliphs in contrast to the worldliness of the Umayyad and Abbaasid caliphates. Sufis are characterised by their particular attachment to zikr (remembrance of Allah) and asceticism (seclusion).The early Sufis managementsed on the telephone exchange idea of the love of God, which was introduced by Rabia-al- Adawiyah in the eighth century. From the earliest history of Islam, Sufism gradually developed to take on an organisational form. Pious individuals create groups or brotherhoods known as turuq (plural of tariqah, which means path) . for each one tariqah would be headed by a Sheikh or a spiritual guide and consist of devotees who saw the Sheikh as a straight teacher on the path to God. In the course of time, different turuq developed, each having its own teachings and instructions for purifying the heart . If Sufism really is the heart of Islam then on that point must be factual evidence to support this view, which I am now going to analyse and interpret. Firstly, although Sufism mostly concentrates on the inner world of man and deals with the meaning and effect of religious commandments on mans spirit and heart and is therefore abstract, it does not contradict any of the Islamic ways based on the volume and the Sunna. In fact its source is the Quran and the Sunna, as well as the conclusions drawn from the Quran and the Sunna via proof by the purified scholars of Islam.The Quran for Muslims is their most holy book, which lays down for them the law and commandments as well as containing a comprehensive religious philosophy. The Sunna for Muslims is the deeds, sayings and the manners of the prophet, which are to be emulated by Muslims all all over. Both the Quran and theSunna are of great importance for Muslims and for their religion Islam. So if Sufism derives its sources from the Quran and the Sunna then it must also be the heart of the religion itself. Sufism dwells on the fundamental virtues of Islam, knowledge of God, sincerity, perfect goodness, and other similar fundamental virtues. The priorities of Sufism have never been different from those of the Shariah. The Shariah is the rebrinys of Islamic religious law. Both groups have always depended on the Quran and the Sunna, which are the two main sources of Islam. Both disciplines stress the importance of belief and of sweet in good deeds and good conduct, the only difference is that Sufis emphasize deepening the meaning of good deeds and multiplying them.Sufism must be the heart of Islam since it constitutes the unpointed endeavour to increase the good deeds that nettle Allah pleased. Another notable fact is the meaning of the word Islam surrender. True surrender is not only have-to doe with with the will of a Muslim, as it must also involve their whole being. Islam states that a person must be the perfect servant of God in the sense of following his commands. Clearly Allah has given Muslims many faculties such as free will and intelligence, therefore the surrender of Muslims to Allah must be complete and total and not limited to certain faculties. It must occupy the entire individual because otherwise unknown thoughts and emotions as well as false ideas can meld with a misleading sense of external surrender of ones will to God to produce acts in the name of religion that can have disastrous consequences.Sufism is the heart of Islam because Sufis themselves surrender internally as well as externally to the will of God, as it not only is one of their core beliefs exactly also they make the extra effort to surrender to the will of God, instead of mainstream Muslims who limit themselves to following the legalistic side of the religion. Sufis are th e ones who show the greatest attachment to the Shariah, whose inner significance they seek to reach. A different explanation as to why Sufism is the heart of Islam is because although the Quran emphasizes that all Muslims stand equally before God, it also insists that human beings are lordly in rank according to their knowledge of the truth and virtue, as in the verses, are those who know equal with those who know not? (Quran399) and one of Sufisms main goals is ultimate knowledge, knowledge of God, which is why they must be the heart of their religion, as they create extra emphasis on the fundamental virtues of Islam.In Islam itself, Sufism has been over the centuries the hidden heart that has renewed the religion intellectually, spiritually, and ethically and has played the greatest role in its spread and in its relation with other religions. As this person noted in their book , Sufis themselves have visualized Islam as a circle whose hub is the haqiqah. Haqiqa refers to the inn er Truth or inner Reality that Sufis believe is at the heart of Islamic revelation. The radii of the circle are the tariqah, and the circumference is the Shariah. Tariqah means the path that one follows through spiritual practise in order to reach the ultimate truth (the haqiqa). Each Muslim is like a point on the circumference, whose totality composes the Islamic community or ummah. To reach the haqiqah one must first stand on the circumference, that is, practise the Shariah, and then follow the tariqah, or path to God, whose end is the centre, God himself, or the haqiqah.This raises the truth that Sufism is the heart of Islam, as here it undoubtedly explains how. All the evidence noted above bestows the suggestion that Sufism is the heart of Islam yet the confirmation has not been revised from both sides and is therefore not balanced yet. To balance our answer to the main question Sufism is the heart of Islam then we must now take into consideration reasons for why Sufism might no t be the heart of Islam. Firstly Sufism has come crosswise many problems by fellow Muslim brothers and sisters. For instance, much Sufi poetry refers to intoxication, ( Intoxicated by the Wine of deal. From each a mystic silence Love demands) (Poem by famous Sufi poet Farid ud Din Attar) which Islam expressly forbids as haraam. Some Sufi orders use music, drugs and alcohol to produce ecstatic states. Wine is even a symbol of divine intoxication in the Sufi language of ecstasy. Not only are these haraam in Islam but they also divert the spiritual focus of Sufism.How may Sufism be the pure, uncontaminated heart of Islam when those things that are prohibited in Islam are not forbidden in Sufism? Consequently this leads to doubts being cast over the validity of Sufism as a part of Islam. Not only that but some groups have emerged that consider themselves above the shariah and discussed Sufism as a regularity of bypassing the rules of Islam in order to attain salvation directly, this h as been dissaproved of heavily by muslim scholars. Many Muslims have even considered Sufism as a corruption of Islam drawing on the Sufi concept of fana, passing into Allah and feeling Allahs presence combined with the use of mystical experiences. Fana is interpreted, as being at one with Allah, which is crucially erroneous as Allah is the one and only and the major offence in Islam is to unite an additional with the most glorious Allah.A key theme in Islam is tawhid which is the concept of monotheism and firm holds that God is the one and only. Further so why Sufism has no site in being the heart of Islam is that the Sufis say When you unite with the Beloved (God), then there is neither command nor prohibition in matters of religion. Sufis here have customarily discarded the doctrine of the fear of God, the wrath of the Day of Judgment, the fury of the Hell-Fire and the promise of Jannah. They say Faith based on compulsion is slavery, and God has created man with intelligence, fre e will and love. Hence the mainspring of Sufism is love not fear and obedience to the religious laws. til now the one and only Allah the Exalted describe his believers as Verily those who fear their Lord with reverence, and those who believe in the signs of the Lord, and those who ascribe no partners to their Lord, and those who give what they give while their hearts are full of fear, because to their Lord they will return.(23.57-61)Thus it has been clearly stated here using verses from the Quran that Sufism has gone against the doctrines of Islam, as the love of Allah necessitates following the commands of the Messenger of Allah with hope for reward and fear of punishment in the Hereafter. Muslims deem that any particular act of devotion must be substantiated by the Quran and Sunna only. Allah the Exalted says Say (to them), Produce your proof if you are truthful. 2 111, and the Prophet (s.a.w) said, The created is not to be obeyed over the Creator. However the sheikhs in Sufism a re given the stand of a deity, when attributes which belong to only Allah, are also assigned to their Sheikhs. How can Sufism be the heart of Islam when they are going against Allah in terms of whom to praise and to what extent. neer the less orthodox Muslims may condemn fundamentals of Sufism yet they never habitually outlaw Sufism as completely incorrect.In this sense if there are elements of Sufism criticised heavily by Muslims as well as non-Muslims alike, and there are other elements that are not usually criticised, then how may Sufism be the true heart of the religion of Islam when it is clearly not accepted fully and truly by all Muslims of all sects. To take in the true heart of Islam it is essential to understand the significance of the prophet Muhammad s.a.w from the traditional Muslim point of view. The Quran asserts clearly that the prophet was a man and not divine but also adds that he was given the most exalted and noble character and that he was chosen as a model f or Muslims to emulate. For Muslims the prophet is a mortal man but also Gods most perfect creature, or what the Sufis call the universal man. As Sufis seek spiritual closeness with God then they are also lay themselves on the same level as Muhammad s.a.w. If Sufism is subsequently not the heart of Islam, in that case then what is?Could the cardinal pillars Shahada, Salah, Zakah, Sawm or Hajj be the hearts of Islam. Or the Prophet Muhammad s.a.w, the ummah, the concept of jihad, the Quran, possibly Sunnis or shias or a sect of Islam? These are all elements of the religion Islam, yet what is that which stands out above the take a breather? If the holy Quran is the source of Islam, then it must also be the heart of Islam? This book of divine guidance and direction for mankind was revealed to the prophet Muhammad s.a.w through the angel Gabriel. The prophet Muhammad s.a.w on the other hand is considered to be the rudimentary human figure in the religion of Islam as well as being the restorer of the uncorrupted original monotheistic faith of Adam, Abraham, and Jesus etc. what if the prophet Muhammad s.a.w a Sufi? More over I mean this central religious text of Islam cannot be unaccompanied in being the heart of Islam, meaning the prophet Muhammad s.a.w must in addition be obliged to be the heart of Islam, or if not entirely at least a component of it?This gives rise to the reality that every mainspring idea in Islam (such as the five pillars, ummah, jihad) is thought of in elevated significance but yet none single-handedly can fit the true hearts of Islam. All either must be combined totally in order to allow the heart of Islam to be formulated or there is something that is of even greater importance, which is veiled yet. If no one thing can be the true heart of Islam then there must be a variety of things which when thought of together make up the ultimate hearts of Islam, (one of which could be mysticism.) Conclusion After evaluating all the evidence drawn up on I have come to the conclusion that Sufism and the mystical experiences are not at the heart of Islam because their negative aspects outweigh their positive aspects, and rather the oneness of Allah (tawhid) is the true heart of Islam.As Syed Hossein Nasr has said in his book The plaza Of Islam, at the heart of Islam stands the reality of God, the one, the absolute, and the infinite. Greater then all we can conceive or imagine, yet closer to us then our jugular vein. Allah is the central reality of Islam in all of its facets, and attestation to this oneness, which is called tawhid, is the axis around which all that is Islamic revolves. The oneness of God is for Muslims not only the heart of their religion, but also that of every authentic religion.The uncontaminated pure and true heart of Islam is to testify to this oneness, using the formula there is no God but God and Muhammad s.a.w is the closing messenger of Allah. This testament is not only the heart of Islam as well as the foundation from which all other beliefs and practises of Islam are sought, but it is also the first words a newborn will hear. Bibliography Books- The other side of Sufism by A. Tabari The heart of Islam by Syed Hossein Nasr The mystics of Islam by The basics Islam by Colin Turner Sufism By Sri Swami Sivananda The mystical doctrines and methods of Islam by William Stoddart Websites- Wikipedia Sufism Sufi Islam Muhammad s.a.w Quran